При диагностике заболеваний ВНЧС ставится цель: выявить заболевание, стадию развития болезни и определить прогноз, обеспечить дифференциальную диагностику, определить предоперационную подготовку; провести оценку лечения; обеспечить безопасность и адекватность исследования.Различные виды исследования имеются конкретные показания для диагностики поражений ВНЧС:Радиографические исследования имеют более низкую стоимость, меньшую дозу лучевой нагрузки и однако и более низкую чувствительность. Они диагностируют менее сложные изменения и позволяют первично дифференцировать между заболеваниями ВНЧС и воспалительными состояниями зубов и челюстей.
КТ-исследования чувствительны и специфичны при морфологических, дегенеративных изменениях и переломов костей составляющих сустав. CBCT является золотым стандартом для обзоров костных структур челюстно-лицевой области. Воспалительные изменения, расположения суставного диска и другие структуры мягких тканей четко визуализируются и оцениваются с помощью МРТ. Он также может быть оценен с помощью УЗИ, что необходимо для дифференциальной диагностики заболеваний ВНЧС и заболеваний слюнных желез. Этот метод целесообразен для оценки лечения при таких методах терапии как вискосапплементации и артроцентезисе. Диагностика методами ядерной медицины, в первую очередь показана, для оценки метаболических изменений, опухолевых процессов и областей метастазирования.
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